50 Most Important Questions and Answers for NORCET 2025

🧠 Section A: Fundamentals of Nursing (1–10)

Q: What are the 10 Rights of Medication Administration?
A: Right patient, drug, dose, time, route, documentation, reason, response, education, and right to refuse.
Q: Define nursing process.
A: A systematic method including Assessment, Diagnosis, Planning, Implementation, and Evaluation (ADPIE).
Q: What is the difference between medical and surgical asepsis?
A: Medical asepsis reduces pathogens (clean technique); surgical asepsis eliminates all pathogens (sterile technique).
Q: What are the normal vital sign ranges for adults?
- Temp: 97–99°F
- Pulse: 60–100 bpm
- Resp: 12–20/min
- BP: 90/60–120/80 mmHg
- SpO₂: > 95%
Q: What is the purpose of back care in bedridden patients?
A: Prevent pressure sores and promote circulation.
Q: How do you confirm NG tube placement?
A: X-ray is the gold standard. Also: pH of aspirate (<5), auscultation, and aspiration.
Q: What is the purpose of Trendelenburg position?
A: Improves venous return and used in shock.
Q: How to collect a midstream urine specimen?
A: Clean perineum, start urinating, then collect midstream in a sterile container.
Q: What is fowler’s position used for?
A: Used to promote lung expansion and comfort in cardiac or respiratory patients.
Q: Define nosocomial infection.
A: Infection acquired in a hospital ≥ 48 hours after admission.

Q: What is myocardial infarction (MI)?
A: Death of heart muscle due to blockage in coronary arteries (commonly due to thrombus).
Q: What is the hallmark symptom of angina pectoris?
A: Chest pain relieved by rest or nitroglycerin.
Q: What is CVA (stroke)?
A: Sudden loss of brain function due to clot (ischemic) or bleed (hemorrhagic).
Q: Difference between Type 1 and Type 2 diabetes?
A: Type 1: no insulin (autoimmune); Type 2: insulin resistance.
Q: Define COPD.
A: Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease – includes chronic bronchitis and emphysema.
Q: What is the normal range of sodium (Na⁺)?
A: 135–145 mEq/L.
Q: How to care for a patient with chest tube?
A: Keep drainage below chest level, no clamping, check for bubbling (air leak).
Q: What are early signs of hypoxia?
A: Restlessness, anxiety, tachypnea, tachycardia.
Q: What is deep vein thrombosis (DVT)?
A: Blood clot in deep veins, usually in legs. Symptoms: swelling, redness, pain.
Q: What is the priority nursing intervention for seizure?
A: Protect airway, side-lying position, do not restrain, loosen clothes, time seizure.

Q: How is EDD calculated (Naegle’s rule)?
A: LMP + 9 months + 7 days.
Q: What is the normal range for fetal heart rate?
A: 110–160 bpm.
Q: Define placenta previa.
A: Placenta implants near or over cervical os – causes painless vaginal bleeding.
Q: What is preeclampsia?
A: Pregnancy-induced hypertension with proteinuria and edema.
Q: What is active management of 3rd stage of labor?
A: Oxytocin + controlled cord traction + uterine massage.
Q: What are danger signs in pregnancy?
A: Bleeding, blurred vision, severe headache, swelling of hands/face, decreased fetal movements.
Q: What is lochia? Types?
A: Vaginal discharge after delivery:

Q: What is the role of folic acid in pregnancy?
A: Prevents neural tube defects like spina bifida.
Q: What is the position for cesarean section?
A: Supine with wedge under hip (to avoid supine hypotension).
Q: Sign of fetal distress on CTG?
A: Late decelerations, decreased variability, bradycardia.

Q: What is the vaccine schedule for BCG, OPV, and Hep B at birth?
A: All given at birth.
Q: What is the cause of neonatal jaundice?
A: Increased bilirubin due to immature liver.
Q: What is the first sign of dehydration in children?
A: Sunken eyes and dry mouth.
Q: Management of diarrhea in children?
A: ORS and zinc supplements.
Q: How many primary teeth in a child?
A: 20.
Q: What is the weight of a normal newborn?
A: 2.5–4 kg.
Q: What is the meaning of failure to thrive?
A: Inadequate weight gain and growth in children.
Q: Common cause of pneumonia in children?
A: Streptococcus pneumoniae.
Q: Normal heart rate in infants?
A: 100–160 bpm.
Q: What is the most common congenital heart disease?
A: Ventricular septal defect (VSD).

Q: What is hallucination?
A: False sensory perception (e.g., hearing voices).
Q: What is OCD?
A: Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder – intrusive thoughts and repetitive actions.
Q: What is bipolar disorder?
A: Alternating periods of depression and mania.
Q: Nursing management for suicidal patient?
A: One-to-one supervision, remove harmful objects, safety planning.
Q: What is the role of ECT?
A: Used in severe depression, catatonia, or suicidal risk.

Q: What is the antidote for Heparin?
A: Protamine sulfate.
Q: What is Digoxin toxicity sign?
A: Nausea, blurred vision, yellow halos, bradycardia.
Q: What is Lasix (furosemide) used for?
A: Loop diuretic – for fluid overload, heart failure.
Q: Iron absorption is enhanced by?
A: Vitamin C.
Q: What is the mechanism of insulin?
A: Promotes glucose uptake by cells to lower blood sugar.