Healthy Notes

Vital Signs Vital signs are essential measurements used to assess a patient's health status.  The main four vital signs are: Temperature (T) Pulse (P) Respiration (R) Blood Pressure (BP) Some healthcare settings also include:      5. Oxygen Saturation (SpO₂)      6. Pain Level 1. Temperature (T) Definition: Body temperature measures the balance between heat produced and heat lost by the body. ✅ Normal Range: Oral: 36.5°C – 37.5°C (97.7°F – 99.5°F) Rectal: 37.0°C – 38.1°C (98.6°F – 100.6°F) Axillary: 35.9°C – 36.9°C (96.7°F – 98.5°F) Tympanic (Ear): 36.8°C – 37.8°C (98.2°F – 100°F) 🔴 Abnormal Values: Hypothermia (<35°C or 95°F): Due to cold exposure, shock, or metabolic disorders. Hyperthermia (>38°C or 100.4°F): Due to infection, heat stroke, or inflammatory diseases. ✅ Assessment Methods: Oral (Most common) Rectal (Most accurate) Axillary (Least accurate) Tympanic (Common in children) 🔴 Important Facts: ...

The Respiratory System The respiratory system is a vital network of organs and tissues that work together to facilitate the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide between the body and the environment. This system includes the nose, throat (pharynx), voice box (larynx), windpipe (trachea), lungs, and diaphragm. It allows us to breathe in oxygen, which our cells need to produce energy, and exhale carbon dioxide, a waste product of cellular metabolism. Functions of Respiratory Organs 1. Nose and Nasal Cavity Function: The primary entry point for air. It filters, warms, and humidifies the air before it enters the lungs. Nose hairs and mucus trap dust, pollen, and other particles, preventing them from reaching the lungs. 2. Pharynx (Throat) Function: Serves as a passageway for air from the nasal cavity to the larynx. It also plays a role in filtering and warming the air. 3. Larynx (Voice Box) Function: Contains the vocal cords, which vibrate to produce sound. It also acts as a passageway ...